Learn Georgian, from English.
Georgian (ქართული, kartuli) is the official language of Georgia — a country between the Black Sea and the Greater Caucasus. Written in its own beautiful Mkhedruli script, it belongs to a small Kartvelian family related to neither English nor its neighbors. This course teaches modern standard Georgian for English-speaking beginners, step by step with clear audio.
Start here
Your recommended route through the course.
- START Learn Georgian: How to Start Begin with the big picture — what Georgian is, its script, and how to approach it.
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STEP 1 Script & sounds The 33-letter Mkhedruli alphabet, transliteration, and the consonant contrasts.
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STEP 2 Core grammar SOV word order, pronouns and politeness, noun cases, verbs and the copula, negation and questions.
- Basic Georgian Grammar: Word Order & Sentence PatternsRead this article
- Georgian Pronouns & Politeness: shen, tkven, and How to Be PoliteRead this article
- Georgian Cases & Postpositions Explained for BeginnersRead this article
- Georgian Verbs & Copula: var, minda, and the Beginner Verb SetRead this article
- Georgian Negation & Questions: ar, ver, and the Question WordsRead this article
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STEP 3 Words & daily use Essential vocabulary, conversation phrases, numbers and time.
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STEP 4 Travel & practical Travel phrases, restaurant ordering, and transport.
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Getting started
What Georgian is, its script, and how to approach the course.
Script & sounds
The Mkhedruli alphabet, transliteration, and the consonant contrasts.
- The Mkhedruli Alphabet: Georgian's 33 Letters All 33 Mkhedruli letters with a unified learning transliteration — one case only, the aspirated/ejective/voiced consonant contrast, and what English speakers should watch for.
- Georgian Sounds & Transliteration Guide How to read Georgian transliteration on this site — ejective ' marks, hard-to-hear consonants (kh, gh, zh), consonant clusters, and the one consistent learning spelling used throughout.
Core grammar
Word order, pronouns and politeness, noun cases, verbs and the copula, negation and questions.
- Basic Georgian Grammar: Word Order & Sentence Patterns The foundations of Georgian sentence structure for English speakers — SOV word order, no grammatical gender, no articles, adjective-noun order, and the basic patterns that make simple sentences work.
- Georgian Pronouns & Politeness: shen, tkven, and How to Be Polite Georgian personal pronouns (me, shen, is, chven, tkven, isini), the informal vs polite 'you' (shen vs tkven), honorific titles bat'ono/kalbat'ono, and how politeness actually works in Georgian.
- Georgian Cases & Postpositions Explained for Beginners The Georgian noun-case system in plain English — what endings like -is, -s, -shi, -ze, -dan, -mde, -tan, -istvis do, and how they play the role English prepositions play.
- Georgian Verbs & Copula: var, minda, and the Beginner Verb Set A careful beginner's guide to Georgian verbs — the var copula system (I am / you are / he is), how verbs agree with person, the reversed minda/makvs pattern, and 15 essential verbs.
- Georgian Negation & Questions: ar, ver, and the Question Words How to say no and ask questions in Georgian — the ar/ver/aghar/nu negators, diakh vs ara for yes/no, and the core question words ra, vin, sad, rodis, rat'om, rogor, romeli, ramdeni.
Words & daily use
Essential vocabulary, conversation phrases, numbers and time.
- Essential Georgian Words: 57 Words Every Beginner Needs Core Georgian vocabulary for beginners — people and time words, food and drink, places, directions and locations, and everyday adjectives, each with transliteration and audio.
- Basic Georgian Conversation: Greetings, Introductions & Everyday Phrases The Georgian phrases you need to hold a first conversation — greetings and farewells, names and introductions, how-are-you exchanges, thanks and apologies, and useful filler phrases.
- Georgian Numbers & Time: 1–1000, Telling Time, Days, and Prices Georgian cardinal numbers and the 20-based counting system — 1–10, the -meti teens, the vigesimal twenties and beyond, telling time, days of the week, and money words (lari, tetri, 'how much?').
Travel & practical
Travel phrases, restaurant ordering, and transport.
- Georgian Travel Phrases: Airport, Hotel, Directions & Emergencies The Georgian phrases you need on the ground — airport arrival, hotel check-in, asking for directions, getting help when things go wrong, and sightseeing requests.
- Georgian Restaurant Phrases: Ordering, Dishes & the Supra Table Georgian for the restaurant table — menu requests, ordering khinkali and khachapuri, the supra (feast) and tamada (toastmaster), toasts (gaumarjos), and paying the bill.
- Georgian Transport Phrases: Bus, Metro, Marshrutka, Taxi & Train Georgian for getting around — marshrutka (fixed-route minibus), bus, metro, train, and taxi phrases for tickets, boarding, riding, and getting off.